Page 14 - Highlights of Napcon 2021
P. 14

Preventive Approach in Management of Chronic
      Respiratory Diseases: Importance of Vaccines

Dr. Agam Vora

Consultant Pulmonologist
Mumbai

Vaccination is an effective strategy to prevent more than 25 debilitating or life-threatening diseases (Box 1). Explaining
this, Dr. Agam Vora noted that a majority of children receive their vaccines on time. However, nearly 20 million
worldwide still miss out and are at a risk of serious diseases, death, disability, and ill health. Further, the presentation
noted that age-related immunosenescence and comorbidities expose adults to a wide variety of vaccine-preventable
infectious disease and went on to explain various barriers for adult vaccinations (Box 2).

‡&KLFNHQSR[9DULFHOOD      ‡ 0HQLQJRFRFFDO'LVHDVH             jÒ /DFNRIXQLYHUVDOLPPXQL]DWLRQSURJUDPIRUDGXOWV
‡'LSKWKHULD                  ‡ 0XPSV                             jÒ 9DFFLQHKHVLWDQF\IRUDGXOWVDPRQJSDWLHQWVDQGGRFWRUV
‡)OX,QÁXHQ]D              ‡ 3QHXPRFRFFDO'LVHDVH              jÒ 0LVVHGRSSRUWXQLWLHVWRDVVHVVYDFFLQDWLRQVWDWXVDQG
‡+HSDWLWLV$                 ‡ 5XEHOOD
‡+HSDWLWLV%                 ‡ 6KLQJOHV=RVWHU                   FRXQVHOLQJ
‡+XPDQ3DSLOORPDYLUXV+39  ‡ 7HWDQXV                           jÒ /DFNRIDZDUHQHVVDPRQJWKHJHQHUDOSRSXODWLRQ
‡+DHPRSKLOXVLQÁXHQ]DH       ‡ Typhoid                           jÒ /DFNRIVSHFLDOL]HGYDFFLQDWLRQFHQWHUVIRUDGXOWV
‡0HDVOHV                     ‡ :KRRSLQJ&RXJK3HUWXVVLV        jÒ /DFNRIGULYHDPRQJSROLF\PDNHUVWRSURPRWHDGXOW

Box 1: Vaccine-preventable adult diseases                            YDFFLQDWLRQ

                                                                                Box 2: Barriers for vaccination

       ^ƚƌŽŶŐůLJ                                                   S SHARE ƚŚĞƚĂŝůŽƌĞĚƌĞĂƐŽŶƐǁŚLJƚŚĞƌĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĞĚǀĂĐĐŝŶĞŝƐƌŝŐŚƚĨŽƌƚŚĞ
ZKDDE                                                                      ƉĂƚŝĞŶƚŐŝǀĞŶŚŝƐŽƌŚĞƌĂŐĞ͕ŚĞĂůƚŚƐƚĂƚƵƐ͕ůŝĨĞƐƚLJůĞ͕ŽĐĐƵƉĂƚŝŽŶ͕ŽƌŽƚŚĞƌƌŝƐŬ
ǀĂĐĐŝŶĞƐƚŚĂƚ                                                                 ĨĂĐƚŽƌƐ͘
ƉĂƚŝĞŶƚƐŶĞĞĚ
                                                                                        HIGHTLIGHT ƉŽƐŝƚŝǀĞĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞƐǁŝƚŚǀĂĐĐŝŶĞƐ;ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂůŽƌŝŶLJŽƵƌ

                                                                      H ƉƌĂĐƚŝĐĞͿ͕ĂƐĂƉƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƚĞ͕ƚŽƌĞŝŶĨŽƌĐĞƚŚĞďĞŶĞĨŝƚƐĂŶĚƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚĞŶ
                                                                                        ĐŽŶĨŝĚĞŶĐĞŝŶǀĂĐĐŝŶĂƚŝŽŶ͘

                                                                       A ADDRESS ƉĂƚŝĞŶƚƋƵĞƐƚŝŽŶƐĂŶĚĂŶLJĐŽŶĐĞƌŶƐĂďŽƵƚƚŚĞǀĂĐĐŝŶĞ͕
                                                                                           ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐƐŝĚĞĞĨĨĞĐƚƐ͕ƐĂĨĞƚLJ͕ĂŶĚǀĂĐĐŝŶĞĞĨĨĞĐƚŝǀĞŶĞƐƐŝŶƉůĂŝŶĂŶĚ
                                                                                           ƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚĂďůĞůĂŶŐƵĂŐĞ͘

                                                                   R REMIND ƉĂƚŝĞŶƚƐƚŚĂƚǀĂĐĐŝŶĞƐƉƌŽƚĞĐƚƚŚĞŵĂŶĚƚŚĞŝƌůŽǀĞĚŽŶĞƐĨƌŽŵ
                                                                               ŵĂŶLJĐŽŵŵŽŶĂŶĚƐĞƌŝŽƵƐĚŝƐĞĂƐĞƐ

1. Standards for Adult Immunization Practices | CDC [Internet].    E EXPLAIN ƚŚĞƉŽƚĞŶƚŝĂůĐŽƐƚƐŽĨŐĞƚƚŝŶŐƚŚĞĚŝƐĞĂƐĞ͕ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐƐĞƌŝŽƵƐŚĞĂůƚŚ
       Cdc.gov. 2016 [cited 14 Feb 2022]. Available from:                      ĞĨĨĞĐƚƐ͕ƚŝŵĞůŽƐƚ;ƐƵĐŚĂƐŵŝƐƐŝŶŐǁŽƌŬŽƌĨĂŵŝůLJŽďůŝŐĂƚŝŽŶƐͿ͕ĂŶĚĨŝŶĂŶĐŝĂů
       https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/adults/for-                            ĐŽƐƚƐ͘
       practice/standards/index.html

2. 2. Vaccine Recommendation Cdc.gov. [cited 18 February 2022].
       Available from:
       https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/adults/downloads/standard
       s-immz-practice-recommendation.pdf

                                                                   Figure 1: Strongly RECOMMEND vaccines

Dr. Vora then went on explain that chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
and asthma are associated with a significant global health and economic burden. Furthermore, respiratory viral
infections, including influenza, increased exacerbations, hospitalization, and mortality in patients with COPD or asthma.
After explaining the importance of vaccinating appropriately, and the SHARE paradigm (Figure 1), Dr. Vora concluded
his presentation by noting that influenza vaccination helps to reduce the risk of exacerbations in patients with COPD
and asthma, and the risk of hospitalization and cardiovascular events in patients with COPD. Furthermore, improving
vaccination coverage against influenza and other infectious diseases can aid chronic respiratory disease management.

12 Highlights of NAPCON 2021
   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19